AGRI Grovestudies
Section A
1a. Itinerant traders are individuals or groups of people who travel from place to place, selling goods or services. They are also known as mobile traders, traveling salespeople, or peddlers.
Historically, itinerant traders have played an important role in the distribution of goods and services, particularly in rural areas or regions with limited access to markets. They often sell everyday items such as clothing, food, and household goods, as well as more specialized products such as handmade crafts or unique regional products.
1b. Marketing efficiency refers to the ability of a company or organization to maximize its marketing resources and achieve its marketing goals with minimal waste and cost. It involves using marketing strategies and tactics that effectively reach and engage the target audience, convert them into customers, and drive revenue for the business.
1c. Multi-purpose, Multi-commodity Co-operative Marketing Societies . These societies market a large number of commodities and perform such other functions as providing credit to members, arranging for the supply of the inputs required by them, and meeting their requirements of essential domestic consumption goods.
Section B
2a. The producer's share in consumer's price refers to the amount of money that a producer receives from the sale of their product, as a proportion of the final price paid by the consumer.
When a consumer purchases a product, the price they pay is typically made up of various components such as the cost of materials, labor, marketing, transportation, and other expenses associated with production and distribution. The proportion of this price that goes to the producer as profit or payment for their inputs is referred to as the producer's share.
2b.
2c. Explain :-
a. Vertical integration refers to a company's expansion into different stages of the same industry's value chain, from production to distribution. It involves owning or controlling the entire production process, from raw materials to finished products. For example, a car manufacturer that owns its own steel mills, factories, and distribution centers would be an example of vertical integration.
b. Conglomerate integration, refers to a company's expansion into unrelated industries or businesses. It involves diversifying the company's operations into different product lines or markets that are not related to its core business. For example, a food and beverage company that acquires a media company or a real estate company would be an example of conglomerate integration.
2d. On the basis of the commodities dealt in by them, the co-operative marketing
societies may be grouped into the following types:
(i) Single Commodity Co-operative Marketing Societies :
They deal in the marketing of only one agricultural commodity. They get sufficient business from the farmers producing that single commodity. The examples are Sugarcane Co-operative Marketing Society, Cotton Co-operative Marketing Society and ,Oilseed Growers Co-operative Marketing Society.
(ii) Multi-Commodity Co-operative Marketing Societies
They deal in the marketing of a large number of commodities produced by the members, such as foodgrains, oilseeds and cotton. Most of the co-operative marketing societies in India are of this type.
(iii) Multi-purpose, Multi-commodity Co-operative Marketing Societies
These societies market a large number of commodities and perform such other functions as providing credit to members, arranging for the supply of the inputs required by them, and meeting their requirements of essential domestic consumption goods.
