AGRI Grovestudies
Section A
1a. Tilt angle:
It is the angle at which the plane of the cutting edge of the disc is inclined
to a vertical line. The tilt angle varies from 15° to 25° for a good plough.
1b. Concavity:
It is the depth measured at the centre of the disc by placing its concave side
on a flat surface
1c. Some
condition where we use disc plough are as follows :
♦
A disc plough can be forced to penetrate into the soil which is too hard and
dry for working with a mouldboard plough.
♦
It works well in sticky soils in which a mouldboard plough does not scour.
♦ It is more useful for deep
ploughing.
♦ It can be used safely in
rough, stony and stumpy soils without much danger of breakage.
♦ A disc plough works well even
after a considerable part of the disc is worn out in abrasive soils.
♦ It works well in loose soils
also (such as peat) without much clogging.
Section B
2a. Different
Types of share used in Mould board plough such as i) Slip share ii) Slip nose
share iii) Shin share and iv) Bar point share.
Slip share: It is
one piece share with curved cutting edge, having no additional part. It is a
common type of share, mostly used by the farmers. It is simple in design, but
it has got the disadvantage that the entire share has to be replaced if it is
worn out due to constant use .
Slip nose share:
It is a share in which the point of share is provided by a small detachable
piece. It has the advantage that the share point can be replaced as and when
required. If the point is worn out, it can be changed with a new nose without
replacing the entire share, effecting considerable economy.
Shin share: It is the share having a shin as an additional part. It
is similar to the slip share with the difference that an extension is provided
to it by the side of the mouldboard.
Bar point share:
It is the share in which the point of the share is provided by an adjustable
and replaceable iron bar. This bar serves the purpose of share point and land
side of the plough.
2b. OFF-SET DISC HARROW :- Offset disk harrow
has one right-hand gang (throwing the soil to the right) and one left – hand
gang (throwing the soil to the left), operating in tandem. The harrow is given
this name because the harrow can be operated in offset position in relation to
the tractor. A change in hitch can cause the harrow to run either to the left
or right of the tractor. It is possible to operate the harrow under limbs ,
near trees in an orchard.
2c. WHEEL
TRACTOR Components
1. I.C Engine
2. Clutch
3. Transmission gears
4. Differential unit
5. Final drive
6. Real wheel
7. Front wheels
8. Steering mechanism
9. Hydraulic control
and hitch system
10. Brakes
11. Power-take-off
unit
12. Tractor pulley
13. Draw bar
14. Control panel
2d. Numerical
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Section C
3a. power
transmission system of a tractor) Transmission is a speed reducing mechanism,
equipped with several gears. It may be called a sequence of gears and shafts,
through which the engine power is transmitted to the tractor wheels.
The system consists
of various devices, which cause forward and backward movement of tractor to
suit different field conditions.
The complete path of power from engine to wheel is called
power train Functions of power transmission system
1. To transmit power
from the engine to the rear wheels of the tractor
2. To make reduced
speed available, to rear wheels of the tractor
3. To alter the ratio
of wheel speed and engine speed in order to suit the field conditions
4. To transmit power
through right angle drive, because the crankshaft and rear axle are normally at
right angles to each other.
The power
transmission system consists of :
1. Clutch
2. Transmission gears
3. Differential
4. Final drive
5. Rear axle
6. Rear wheels
3b. ROTARY
TILLER The rotary tiller or rotary cultivator is widely considered as the most
important implement as it provides fine degree of soil pulverization. It is
directly mounted to the tractor and operated. The rotor is The benefits of the
rotary tiller are a) effective pulverization of soil ensures good plant growth
b) cutting and mixing of stubbles and roots and mixing with soil and c) leveling
of the field.
The functional components include, rotor fitted with L
shaped steel blades (36 – 48 Nos.), gear box, power shaft, sprocket - chain
drive, universal joint, leveling board, shield, depth control arrangement, and
three point hitching provision. The power from the tractor engine is
transmitted to the rotary tiller( rotavator) through PTO (Power Take Off) of
the tractor.
A leveling board is attached to the rear side of the unit
for leveling the tilled soil. Two numbers of adjustable brackets are provided
one each on either side of the unit for controlling the depth of operation. The
rotor is operated at 180- 200 rpm
